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- # GetOpt::Long.pm -- Universal options parsing
-
- package Getopt::Long;
-
- # RCS Status : $Id: GetoptLong.pl,v 2.18 1998-06-14 15:02:19+02 jv Exp $
- # Author : Johan Vromans
- # Created On : Tue Sep 11 15:00:12 1990
- # Last Modified By: Johan Vromans
- # Last Modified On: Sun Jun 14 13:17:22 1998
- # Update Count : 705
- # Status : Released
-
- ################ Copyright ################
-
- # This program is Copyright 1990,1998 by Johan Vromans.
- # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- # modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
- # as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
- # of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
- #
- # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
- # GNU General Public License for more details.
- #
- # If you do not have a copy of the GNU General Public License write to
- # the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge,
- # MA 02139, USA.
-
- ################ Module Preamble ################
-
- use strict;
-
- BEGIN {
- require 5.004;
- use Exporter ();
- use vars qw($VERSION @ISA @EXPORT @EXPORT_OK %EXPORT_TAGS);
- $VERSION = "2.17";
-
- @ISA = qw(Exporter);
- @EXPORT = qw(&GetOptions $REQUIRE_ORDER $PERMUTE $RETURN_IN_ORDER);
- %EXPORT_TAGS = qw();
- @EXPORT_OK = qw();
- use AutoLoader qw(AUTOLOAD);
- }
-
- # User visible variables.
- use vars @EXPORT, @EXPORT_OK;
- use vars qw($error $debug $major_version $minor_version);
- # Deprecated visible variables.
- use vars qw($autoabbrev $getopt_compat $ignorecase $bundling $order
- $passthrough);
- # Official invisible variables.
- use vars qw($genprefix);
-
- # Public subroutines.
- sub Configure (@);
- sub config (@); # deprecated name
- sub GetOptions;
-
- # Private subroutines.
- sub ConfigDefaults ();
- sub FindOption ($$$$$$$);
- sub Croak (@); # demand loading the real Croak
-
- ################ Local Variables ################
-
- ################ Resident subroutines ################
-
- sub ConfigDefaults () {
- # Handle POSIX compliancy.
- if ( defined $ENV{"POSIXLY_CORRECT"} ) {
- $genprefix = "(--|-)";
- $autoabbrev = 0; # no automatic abbrev of options
- $bundling = 0; # no bundling of single letter switches
- $getopt_compat = 0; # disallow '+' to start options
- $order = $REQUIRE_ORDER;
- }
- else {
- $genprefix = "(--|-|\\+)";
- $autoabbrev = 1; # automatic abbrev of options
- $bundling = 0; # bundling off by default
- $getopt_compat = 1; # allow '+' to start options
- $order = $PERMUTE;
- }
- # Other configurable settings.
- $debug = 0; # for debugging
- $error = 0; # error tally
- $ignorecase = 1; # ignore case when matching options
- $passthrough = 0; # leave unrecognized options alone
- }
-
- ################ Initialization ################
-
- # Values for $order. See GNU getopt.c for details.
- ($REQUIRE_ORDER, $PERMUTE, $RETURN_IN_ORDER) = (0..2);
- # Version major/minor numbers.
- ($major_version, $minor_version) = $VERSION =~ /^(\d+)\.(\d+)/;
-
- # Set defaults.
- ConfigDefaults ();
-
- ################ Package return ################
-
- 1;
-
- __END__
-
- ################ AutoLoading subroutines ################
-
- # RCS Status : $Id: GetoptLongAl.pl,v 2.20 1998-06-14 15:02:19+02 jv Exp $
- # Author : Johan Vromans
- # Created On : Fri Mar 27 11:50:30 1998
- # Last Modified By: Johan Vromans
- # Last Modified On: Sun Jun 14 13:54:35 1998
- # Update Count : 24
- # Status : Released
-
- sub GetOptions {
-
- my @optionlist = @_; # local copy of the option descriptions
- my $argend = '--'; # option list terminator
- my %opctl = (); # table of arg.specs (long and abbrevs)
- my %bopctl = (); # table of arg.specs (bundles)
- my $pkg = (caller)[0]; # current context
- # Needed if linkage is omitted.
- my %aliases= (); # alias table
- my @ret = (); # accum for non-options
- my %linkage; # linkage
- my $userlinkage; # user supplied HASH
- my $opt; # current option
- my $genprefix = $genprefix; # so we can call the same module many times
- my @opctl; # the possible long option names
-
- $error = '';
-
- print STDERR ("GetOpt::Long $Getopt::Long::VERSION ",
- "called from package \"$pkg\".",
- "\n ",
- 'GetOptionsAl $Revision: 2.20 $ ',
- "\n ",
- "ARGV: (@ARGV)",
- "\n ",
- "autoabbrev=$autoabbrev,".
- "bundling=$bundling,",
- "getopt_compat=$getopt_compat,",
- "order=$order,",
- "\n ",
- "ignorecase=$ignorecase,",
- "passthrough=$passthrough,",
- "genprefix=\"$genprefix\".",
- "\n")
- if $debug;
-
- # Check for ref HASH as first argument.
- # First argument may be an object. It's OK to use this as long
- # as it is really a hash underneath.
- $userlinkage = undef;
- if ( ref($optionlist[0]) and
- "$optionlist[0]" =~ /^(?:.*\=)?HASH\([^\(]*\)$/ ) {
- $userlinkage = shift (@optionlist);
- print STDERR ("=> user linkage: $userlinkage\n") if $debug;
- }
-
- # See if the first element of the optionlist contains option
- # starter characters.
- if ( $optionlist[0] =~ /^\W+$/ ) {
- $genprefix = shift (@optionlist);
- # Turn into regexp. Needs to be parenthesized!
- $genprefix =~ s/(\W)/\\$1/g;
- $genprefix = "([" . $genprefix . "])";
- }
-
- # Verify correctness of optionlist.
- %opctl = ();
- %bopctl = ();
- while ( @optionlist > 0 ) {
- my $opt = shift (@optionlist);
-
- # Strip leading prefix so people can specify "--foo=i" if they like.
- $opt = $+ if $opt =~ /^$genprefix+(.*)$/s;
-
- if ( $opt eq '<>' ) {
- if ( (defined $userlinkage)
- && !(@optionlist > 0 && ref($optionlist[0]))
- && (exists $userlinkage->{$opt})
- && ref($userlinkage->{$opt}) ) {
- unshift (@optionlist, $userlinkage->{$opt});
- }
- unless ( @optionlist > 0
- && ref($optionlist[0]) && ref($optionlist[0]) eq 'CODE' ) {
- $error .= "Option spec <> requires a reference to a subroutine\n";
- next;
- }
- $linkage{'<>'} = shift (@optionlist);
- next;
- }
-
- # Match option spec. Allow '?' as an alias.
- if ( $opt !~ /^((\w+[-\w]*)(\|(\?|\w[-\w]*)?)*)?([!~+]|[=:][infse][@%]?)?$/ ) {
- $error .= "Error in option spec: \"$opt\"\n";
- next;
- }
- my ($o, $c, $a) = ($1, $5);
- $c = '' unless defined $c;
-
- if ( ! defined $o ) {
- # empty -> '-' option
- $opctl{$o = ''} = $c;
- }
- else {
- # Handle alias names
- my @o = split (/\|/, $o);
- my $linko = $o = $o[0];
- # Force an alias if the option name is not locase.
- $a = $o unless $o eq lc($o);
- $o = lc ($o)
- if $ignorecase > 1
- || ($ignorecase
- && ($bundling ? length($o) > 1 : 1));
-
- foreach ( @o ) {
- if ( $bundling && length($_) == 1 ) {
- $_ = lc ($_) if $ignorecase > 1;
- if ( $c eq '!' ) {
- $opctl{"no$_"} = $c;
- warn ("Ignoring '!' modifier for short option $_\n");
- $c = '';
- }
- $opctl{$_} = $bopctl{$_} = $c;
- }
- else {
- $_ = lc ($_) if $ignorecase;
- if ( $c eq '!' ) {
- $opctl{"no$_"} = $c;
- $c = '';
- }
- $opctl{$_} = $c;
- }
- if ( defined $a ) {
- # Note alias.
- $aliases{$_} = $a;
- }
- else {
- # Set primary name.
- $a = $_;
- }
- }
- $o = $linko;
- }
-
- # If no linkage is supplied in the @optionlist, copy it from
- # the userlinkage if available.
- if ( defined $userlinkage ) {
- unless ( @optionlist > 0 && ref($optionlist[0]) ) {
- if ( exists $userlinkage->{$o} && ref($userlinkage->{$o}) ) {
- print STDERR ("=> found userlinkage for \"$o\": ",
- "$userlinkage->{$o}\n")
- if $debug;
- unshift (@optionlist, $userlinkage->{$o});
- }
- else {
- # Do nothing. Being undefined will be handled later.
- next;
- }
- }
- }
-
- # Copy the linkage. If omitted, link to global variable.
- if ( @optionlist > 0 && ref($optionlist[0]) ) {
- print STDERR ("=> link \"$o\" to $optionlist[0]\n")
- if $debug;
- if ( ref($optionlist[0]) =~ /^(SCALAR|CODE)$/ ) {
- $linkage{$o} = shift (@optionlist);
- }
- elsif ( ref($optionlist[0]) =~ /^(ARRAY)$/ ) {
- $linkage{$o} = shift (@optionlist);
- $opctl{$o} .= '@'
- if $opctl{$o} ne '' and $opctl{$o} !~ /\@$/;
- $bopctl{$o} .= '@'
- if $bundling and defined $bopctl{$o} and
- $bopctl{$o} ne '' and $bopctl{$o} !~ /\@$/;
- }
- elsif ( ref($optionlist[0]) =~ /^(HASH)$/ ) {
- $linkage{$o} = shift (@optionlist);
- $opctl{$o} .= '%'
- if $opctl{$o} ne '' and $opctl{$o} !~ /\%$/;
- $bopctl{$o} .= '%'
- if $bundling and defined $bopctl{$o} and
- $bopctl{$o} ne '' and $bopctl{$o} !~ /\%$/;
- }
- else {
- $error .= "Invalid option linkage for \"$opt\"\n";
- }
- }
- else {
- # Link to global $opt_XXX variable.
- # Make sure a valid perl identifier results.
- my $ov = $o;
- $ov =~ s/\W/_/g;
- if ( $c =~ /@/ ) {
- print STDERR ("=> link \"$o\" to \@$pkg","::opt_$ov\n")
- if $debug;
- eval ("\$linkage{\$o} = \\\@".$pkg."::opt_$ov;");
- }
- elsif ( $c =~ /%/ ) {
- print STDERR ("=> link \"$o\" to \%$pkg","::opt_$ov\n")
- if $debug;
- eval ("\$linkage{\$o} = \\\%".$pkg."::opt_$ov;");
- }
- else {
- print STDERR ("=> link \"$o\" to \$$pkg","::opt_$ov\n")
- if $debug;
- eval ("\$linkage{\$o} = \\\$".$pkg."::opt_$ov;");
- }
- }
- }
-
- # Bail out if errors found.
- die ($error) if $error;
- $error = 0;
-
- # Sort the possible long option names.
- @opctl = sort(keys (%opctl)) if $autoabbrev;
-
- # Show the options tables if debugging.
- if ( $debug ) {
- my ($arrow, $k, $v);
- $arrow = "=> ";
- while ( ($k,$v) = each(%opctl) ) {
- print STDERR ($arrow, "\$opctl{\"$k\"} = \"$v\"\n");
- $arrow = " ";
- }
- $arrow = "=> ";
- while ( ($k,$v) = each(%bopctl) ) {
- print STDERR ($arrow, "\$bopctl{\"$k\"} = \"$v\"\n");
- $arrow = " ";
- }
- }
-
- # Process argument list
- while ( @ARGV > 0 ) {
-
- #### Get next argument ####
-
- $opt = shift (@ARGV);
- print STDERR ("=> option \"", $opt, "\"\n") if $debug;
-
- #### Determine what we have ####
-
- # Double dash is option list terminator.
- if ( $opt eq $argend ) {
- # Finish. Push back accumulated arguments and return.
- unshift (@ARGV, @ret)
- if $order == $PERMUTE;
- return ($error == 0);
- }
-
- my $tryopt = $opt;
- my $found; # success status
- my $dsttype; # destination type ('@' or '%')
- my $incr; # destination increment
- my $key; # key (if hash type)
- my $arg; # option argument
-
- ($found, $opt, $arg, $dsttype, $incr, $key) =
- FindOption ($genprefix, $argend, $opt,
- \%opctl, \%bopctl, \@opctl, \%aliases);
-
- if ( $found ) {
-
- # FindOption undefines $opt in case of errors.
- next unless defined $opt;
-
- if ( defined $arg ) {
- $opt = $aliases{$opt} if defined $aliases{$opt};
-
- if ( defined $linkage{$opt} ) {
- print STDERR ("=> ref(\$L{$opt}) -> ",
- ref($linkage{$opt}), "\n") if $debug;
-
- if ( ref($linkage{$opt}) eq 'SCALAR' ) {
- if ( $incr ) {
- print STDERR ("=> \$\$L{$opt} += \"$arg\"\n")
- if $debug;
- if ( defined ${$linkage{$opt}} ) {
- ${$linkage{$opt}} += $arg;
- }
- else {
- ${$linkage{$opt}} = $arg;
- }
- }
- else {
- print STDERR ("=> \$\$L{$opt} = \"$arg\"\n")
- if $debug;
- ${$linkage{$opt}} = $arg;
- }
- }
- elsif ( ref($linkage{$opt}) eq 'ARRAY' ) {
- print STDERR ("=> push(\@{\$L{$opt}, \"$arg\")\n")
- if $debug;
- push (@{$linkage{$opt}}, $arg);
- }
- elsif ( ref($linkage{$opt}) eq 'HASH' ) {
- print STDERR ("=> \$\$L{$opt}->{$key} = \"$arg\"\n")
- if $debug;
- $linkage{$opt}->{$key} = $arg;
- }
- elsif ( ref($linkage{$opt}) eq 'CODE' ) {
- print STDERR ("=> &L{$opt}(\"$opt\", \"$arg\")\n")
- if $debug;
- &{$linkage{$opt}}($opt, $arg);
- }
- else {
- print STDERR ("Invalid REF type \"", ref($linkage{$opt}),
- "\" in linkage\n");
- Croak ("Getopt::Long -- internal error!\n");
- }
- }
- # No entry in linkage means entry in userlinkage.
- elsif ( $dsttype eq '@' ) {
- if ( defined $userlinkage->{$opt} ) {
- print STDERR ("=> push(\@{\$L{$opt}}, \"$arg\")\n")
- if $debug;
- push (@{$userlinkage->{$opt}}, $arg);
- }
- else {
- print STDERR ("=>\$L{$opt} = [\"$arg\"]\n")
- if $debug;
- $userlinkage->{$opt} = [$arg];
- }
- }
- elsif ( $dsttype eq '%' ) {
- if ( defined $userlinkage->{$opt} ) {
- print STDERR ("=> \$L{$opt}->{$key} = \"$arg\"\n")
- if $debug;
- $userlinkage->{$opt}->{$key} = $arg;
- }
- else {
- print STDERR ("=>\$L{$opt} = {$key => \"$arg\"}\n")
- if $debug;
- $userlinkage->{$opt} = {$key => $arg};
- }
- }
- else {
- if ( $incr ) {
- print STDERR ("=> \$L{$opt} += \"$arg\"\n")
- if $debug;
- if ( defined $userlinkage->{$opt} ) {
- $userlinkage->{$opt} += $arg;
- }
- else {
- $userlinkage->{$opt} = $arg;
- }
- }
- else {
- print STDERR ("=>\$L{$opt} = \"$arg\"\n") if $debug;
- $userlinkage->{$opt} = $arg;
- }
- }
- }
- }
-
- # Not an option. Save it if we $PERMUTE and don't have a <>.
- elsif ( $order == $PERMUTE ) {
- # Try non-options call-back.
- my $cb;
- if ( (defined ($cb = $linkage{'<>'})) ) {
- &$cb ($tryopt);
- }
- else {
- print STDERR ("=> saving \"$tryopt\" ",
- "(not an option, may permute)\n") if $debug;
- push (@ret, $tryopt);
- }
- next;
- }
-
- # ...otherwise, terminate.
- else {
- # Push this one back and exit.
- unshift (@ARGV, $tryopt);
- return ($error == 0);
- }
-
- }
-
- # Finish.
- if ( $order == $PERMUTE ) {
- # Push back accumulated arguments
- print STDERR ("=> restoring \"", join('" "', @ret), "\"\n")
- if $debug && @ret > 0;
- unshift (@ARGV, @ret) if @ret > 0;
- }
-
- return ($error == 0);
- }
-
- # Option lookup.
- sub FindOption ($$$$$$$) {
-
- # returns (1, $opt, $arg, $dsttype, $incr, $key) if okay,
- # returns (0) otherwise.
-
- my ($prefix, $argend, $opt, $opctl, $bopctl, $names, $aliases) = @_;
- my $key; # hash key for a hash option
- my $arg;
-
- print STDERR ("=> find \"$opt\", prefix=\"$prefix\"\n") if $debug;
-
- return (0) unless $opt =~ /^$prefix(.*)$/s;
-
- $opt = $+;
- my ($starter) = $1;
-
- print STDERR ("=> split \"$starter\"+\"$opt\"\n") if $debug;
-
- my $optarg = undef; # value supplied with --opt=value
- my $rest = undef; # remainder from unbundling
-
- # If it is a long option, it may include the value.
- if (($starter eq "--" || ($getopt_compat && !$bundling))
- && $opt =~ /^([^=]+)=(.*)$/s ) {
- $opt = $1;
- $optarg = $2;
- print STDERR ("=> option \"", $opt,
- "\", optarg = \"$optarg\"\n") if $debug;
- }
-
- #### Look it up ###
-
- my $tryopt = $opt; # option to try
- my $optbl = $opctl; # table to look it up (long names)
- my $type;
- my $dsttype = '';
- my $incr = 0;
-
- if ( $bundling && $starter eq '-' ) {
- # Unbundle single letter option.
- $rest = substr ($tryopt, 1);
- $tryopt = substr ($tryopt, 0, 1);
- $tryopt = lc ($tryopt) if $ignorecase > 1;
- print STDERR ("=> $starter$tryopt unbundled from ",
- "$starter$tryopt$rest\n") if $debug;
- $rest = undef unless $rest ne '';
- $optbl = $bopctl; # look it up in the short names table
-
- # If bundling == 2, long options can override bundles.
- if ( $bundling == 2 and
- defined ($type = $opctl->{$tryopt.$rest}) ) {
- print STDERR ("=> $starter$tryopt rebundled to ",
- "$starter$tryopt$rest\n") if $debug;
- $tryopt .= $rest;
- undef $rest;
- }
- }
-
- # Try auto-abbreviation.
- elsif ( $autoabbrev ) {
- # Downcase if allowed.
- $tryopt = $opt = lc ($opt) if $ignorecase;
- # Turn option name into pattern.
- my $pat = quotemeta ($opt);
- # Look up in option names.
- my @hits = grep (/^$pat/, @{$names});
- print STDERR ("=> ", scalar(@hits), " hits (@hits) with \"$pat\" ",
- "out of ", scalar(@{$names}), "\n") if $debug;
-
- # Check for ambiguous results.
- unless ( (@hits <= 1) || (grep ($_ eq $opt, @hits) == 1) ) {
- # See if all matches are for the same option.
- my %hit;
- foreach ( @hits ) {
- $_ = $aliases->{$_} if defined $aliases->{$_};
- $hit{$_} = 1;
- }
- # Now see if it really is ambiguous.
- unless ( keys(%hit) == 1 ) {
- return (0) if $passthrough;
- warn ("Option ", $opt, " is ambiguous (",
- join(", ", @hits), ")\n");
- $error++;
- undef $opt;
- return (1, $opt,$arg,$dsttype,$incr,$key);
- }
- @hits = keys(%hit);
- }
-
- # Complete the option name, if appropriate.
- if ( @hits == 1 && $hits[0] ne $opt ) {
- $tryopt = $hits[0];
- $tryopt = lc ($tryopt) if $ignorecase;
- print STDERR ("=> option \"$opt\" -> \"$tryopt\"\n")
- if $debug;
- }
- }
-
- # Map to all lowercase if ignoring case.
- elsif ( $ignorecase ) {
- $tryopt = lc ($opt);
- }
-
- # Check validity by fetching the info.
- $type = $optbl->{$tryopt} unless defined $type;
- unless ( defined $type ) {
- return (0) if $passthrough;
- warn ("Unknown option: ", $opt, "\n");
- $error++;
- return (1, $opt,$arg,$dsttype,$incr,$key);
- }
- # Apparently valid.
- $opt = $tryopt;
- print STDERR ("=> found \"$type\" for ", $opt, "\n") if $debug;
-
- #### Determine argument status ####
-
- # If it is an option w/o argument, we're almost finished with it.
- if ( $type eq '' || $type eq '!' || $type eq '+' ) {
- if ( defined $optarg ) {
- return (0) if $passthrough;
- warn ("Option ", $opt, " does not take an argument\n");
- $error++;
- undef $opt;
- }
- elsif ( $type eq '' || $type eq '+' ) {
- $arg = 1; # supply explicit value
- $incr = $type eq '+';
- }
- else {
- substr ($opt, 0, 2) = ''; # strip NO prefix
- $arg = 0; # supply explicit value
- }
- unshift (@ARGV, $starter.$rest) if defined $rest;
- return (1, $opt,$arg,$dsttype,$incr,$key);
- }
-
- # Get mandatory status and type info.
- my $mand;
- ($mand, $type, $dsttype, $key) = $type =~ /^(.)(.)([@%]?)$/;
-
- # Check if there is an option argument available.
- if ( defined $optarg ? ($optarg eq '')
- : !(defined $rest || @ARGV > 0) ) {
- # Complain if this option needs an argument.
- if ( $mand eq "=" ) {
- return (0) if $passthrough;
- warn ("Option ", $opt, " requires an argument\n");
- $error++;
- undef $opt;
- }
- if ( $mand eq ":" ) {
- $arg = $type eq "s" ? '' : 0;
- }
- return (1, $opt,$arg,$dsttype,$incr,$key);
- }
-
- # Get (possibly optional) argument.
- $arg = (defined $rest ? $rest
- : (defined $optarg ? $optarg : shift (@ARGV)));
-
- # Get key if this is a "name=value" pair for a hash option.
- $key = undef;
- if ($dsttype eq '%' && defined $arg) {
- ($key, $arg) = ($arg =~ /^(.*)=(.*)$/s) ? ($1, $2) : ($arg, 1);
- }
-
- #### Check if the argument is valid for this option ####
-
- if ( $type eq "s" ) { # string
- # A mandatory string takes anything.
- return (1, $opt,$arg,$dsttype,$incr,$key) if $mand eq "=";
-
- # An optional string takes almost anything.
- return (1, $opt,$arg,$dsttype,$incr,$key)
- if defined $optarg || defined $rest;
- return (1, $opt,$arg,$dsttype,$incr,$key) if $arg eq "-"; # ??
-
- # Check for option or option list terminator.
- if ($arg eq $argend ||
- $arg =~ /^$prefix.+/) {
- # Push back.
- unshift (@ARGV, $arg);
- # Supply empty value.
- $arg = '';
- }
- }
-
- elsif ( $type eq "n" || $type eq "i" ) { # numeric/integer
- if ( $bundling && defined $rest && $rest =~ /^(-?[0-9]+)(.*)$/s ) {
- $arg = $1;
- $rest = $2;
- unshift (@ARGV, $starter.$rest) if defined $rest && $rest ne '';
- }
- elsif ( $arg !~ /^-?[0-9]+$/ ) {
- if ( defined $optarg || $mand eq "=" ) {
- if ( $passthrough ) {
- unshift (@ARGV, defined $rest ? $starter.$rest : $arg)
- unless defined $optarg;
- return (0);
- }
- warn ("Value \"", $arg, "\" invalid for option ",
- $opt, " (number expected)\n");
- $error++;
- undef $opt;
- # Push back.
- unshift (@ARGV, $starter.$rest) if defined $rest;
- }
- else {
- # Push back.
- unshift (@ARGV, defined $rest ? $starter.$rest : $arg);
- # Supply default value.
- $arg = 0;
- }
- }
- }
-
- elsif ( $type eq "f" ) { # real number, int is also ok
- # We require at least one digit before a point or 'e',
- # and at least one digit following the point and 'e'.
- # [-]NN[.NN][eNN]
- if ( $bundling && defined $rest &&
- $rest =~ /^(-?[0-9]+(\.[0-9]+)?([eE]-?[0-9]+)?)(.*)$/s ) {
- $arg = $1;
- $rest = $+;
- unshift (@ARGV, $starter.$rest) if defined $rest && $rest ne '';
- }
- elsif ( $arg !~ /^-?[0-9.]+(\.[0-9]+)?([eE]-?[0-9]+)?$/ ) {
- if ( defined $optarg || $mand eq "=" ) {
- if ( $passthrough ) {
- unshift (@ARGV, defined $rest ? $starter.$rest : $arg)
- unless defined $optarg;
- return (0);
- }
- warn ("Value \"", $arg, "\" invalid for option ",
- $opt, " (real number expected)\n");
- $error++;
- undef $opt;
- # Push back.
- unshift (@ARGV, $starter.$rest) if defined $rest;
- }
- else {
- # Push back.
- unshift (@ARGV, defined $rest ? $starter.$rest : $arg);
- # Supply default value.
- $arg = 0.0;
- }
- }
- }
- else {
- Croak ("GetOpt::Long internal error (Can't happen)\n");
- }
- return (1, $opt, $arg, $dsttype, $incr, $key);
- }
-
- # Getopt::Long Configuration.
- sub Configure (@) {
- my (@options) = @_;
- my $opt;
- foreach $opt ( @options ) {
- my $try = lc ($opt);
- my $action = 1;
- if ( $try =~ /^no_?(.*)$/s ) {
- $action = 0;
- $try = $+;
- }
- if ( $try eq 'default' or $try eq 'defaults' ) {
- ConfigDefaults () if $action;
- }
- elsif ( $try eq 'auto_abbrev' or $try eq 'autoabbrev' ) {
- $autoabbrev = $action;
- }
- elsif ( $try eq 'getopt_compat' ) {
- $getopt_compat = $action;
- }
- elsif ( $try eq 'ignorecase' or $try eq 'ignore_case' ) {
- $ignorecase = $action;
- }
- elsif ( $try eq 'ignore_case_always' ) {
- $ignorecase = $action ? 2 : 0;
- }
- elsif ( $try eq 'bundling' ) {
- $bundling = $action;
- }
- elsif ( $try eq 'bundling_override' ) {
- $bundling = $action ? 2 : 0;
- }
- elsif ( $try eq 'require_order' ) {
- $order = $action ? $REQUIRE_ORDER : $PERMUTE;
- }
- elsif ( $try eq 'permute' ) {
- $order = $action ? $PERMUTE : $REQUIRE_ORDER;
- }
- elsif ( $try eq 'pass_through' or $try eq 'passthrough' ) {
- $passthrough = $action;
- }
- elsif ( $try =~ /^prefix=(.+)$/ ) {
- $genprefix = $1;
- # Turn into regexp. Needs to be parenthesized!
- $genprefix = "(" . quotemeta($genprefix) . ")";
- eval { '' =~ /$genprefix/; };
- Croak ("Getopt::Long: invalid pattern \"$genprefix\"") if $@;
- }
- elsif ( $try =~ /^prefix_pattern=(.+)$/ ) {
- $genprefix = $1;
- # Parenthesize if needed.
- $genprefix = "(" . $genprefix . ")"
- unless $genprefix =~ /^\(.*\)$/;
- eval { '' =~ /$genprefix/; };
- Croak ("Getopt::Long: invalid pattern \"$genprefix\"") if $@;
- }
- elsif ( $try eq 'debug' ) {
- $debug = $action;
- }
- else {
- Croak ("Getopt::Long: unknown config parameter \"$opt\"")
- }
- }
- }
-
- # Deprecated name.
- sub config (@) {
- Configure (@_);
- }
-
- # To prevent Carp from being loaded unnecessarily.
- sub Croak (@) {
- require 'Carp.pm';
- $Carp::CarpLevel = 1;
- Carp::croak(@_);
- };
-
- ################ Documentation ################
-
- =head1 NAME
-
- GetOptions - extended processing of command line options
-
- =head1 SYNOPSIS
-
- use Getopt::Long;
- $result = GetOptions (...option-descriptions...);
-
- =head1 DESCRIPTION
-
- The Getopt::Long module implements an extended getopt function called
- GetOptions(). This function adheres to the POSIX syntax for command
- line options, with GNU extensions. In general, this means that options
- have long names instead of single letters, and are introduced with a
- double dash "--". Support for bundling of command line options, as was
- the case with the more traditional single-letter approach, is provided
- but not enabled by default. For example, the UNIX "ps" command can be
- given the command line "option"
-
- -vax
-
- which means the combination of B<-v>, B<-a> and B<-x>. With the new
- syntax B<--vax> would be a single option, probably indicating a
- computer architecture.
-
- Command line options can be used to set values. These values can be
- specified in one of two ways:
-
- --size 24
- --size=24
-
- GetOptions is called with a list of option-descriptions, each of which
- consists of two elements: the option specifier and the option linkage.
- The option specifier defines the name of the option and, optionally,
- the value it can take. The option linkage is usually a reference to a
- variable that will be set when the option is used. For example, the
- following call to GetOptions:
-
- GetOptions("size=i" => \$offset);
-
- will accept a command line option "size" that must have an integer
- value. With a command line of "--size 24" this will cause the variable
- $offset to get the value 24.
-
- Alternatively, the first argument to GetOptions may be a reference to
- a HASH describing the linkage for the options, or an object whose
- class is based on a HASH. The following call is equivalent to the
- example above:
-
- %optctl = ("size" => \$offset);
- GetOptions(\%optctl, "size=i");
-
- Linkage may be specified using either of the above methods, or both.
- Linkage specified in the argument list takes precedence over the
- linkage specified in the HASH.
-
- The command line options are taken from array @ARGV. Upon completion
- of GetOptions, @ARGV will contain the rest (i.e. the non-options) of
- the command line.
-
- Each option specifier designates the name of the option, optionally
- followed by an argument specifier.
-
- Options that do not take arguments will have no argument specifier.
- The option variable will be set to 1 if the option is used.
-
- For the other options, the values for argument specifiers are:
-
- =over 8
-
- =item !
-
- Option does not take an argument and may be negated, i.e. prefixed by
- "no". E.g. "foo!" will allow B<--foo> (with value 1) and B<-nofoo>
- (with value 0).
- The option variable will be set to 1, or 0 if negated.
-
- =item +
-
- Option does not take an argument and will be incremented by 1 every
- time it appears on the command line. E.g. "more+", when used with
- B<--more --more --more>, will set the option variable to 3 (provided
- it was 0 or undefined at first).
-
- The B<+> specifier is ignored if the option destination is not a SCALAR.
-
- =item =s
-
- Option takes a mandatory string argument.
- This string will be assigned to the option variable.
- Note that even if the string argument starts with B<-> or B<-->, it
- will not be considered an option on itself.
-
- =item :s
-
- Option takes an optional string argument.
- This string will be assigned to the option variable.
- If omitted, it will be assigned "" (an empty string).
- If the string argument starts with B<-> or B<-->, it
- will be considered an option on itself.
-
- =item =i
-
- Option takes a mandatory integer argument.
- This value will be assigned to the option variable.
- Note that the value may start with B<-> to indicate a negative
- value.
-
- =item :i
-
- Option takes an optional integer argument.
- This value will be assigned to the option variable.
- If omitted, the value 0 will be assigned.
- Note that the value may start with B<-> to indicate a negative
- value.
-
- =item =f
-
- Option takes a mandatory real number argument.
- This value will be assigned to the option variable.
- Note that the value may start with B<-> to indicate a negative
- value.
-
- =item :f
-
- Option takes an optional real number argument.
- This value will be assigned to the option variable.
- If omitted, the value 0 will be assigned.
-
- =back
-
- A lone dash B<-> is considered an option, the corresponding option
- name is the empty string.
-
- A double dash on itself B<--> signals end of the options list.
-
- =head2 Linkage specification
-
- The linkage specifier is optional. If no linkage is explicitly
- specified but a ref HASH is passed, GetOptions will place the value in
- the HASH. For example:
-
- %optctl = ();
- GetOptions (\%optctl, "size=i");
-
- will perform the equivalent of the assignment
-
- $optctl{"size"} = 24;
-
- For array options, a reference to an array is used, e.g.:
-
- %optctl = ();
- GetOptions (\%optctl, "sizes=i@");
-
- with command line "-sizes 24 -sizes 48" will perform the equivalent of
- the assignment
-
- $optctl{"sizes"} = [24, 48];
-
- For hash options (an option whose argument looks like "name=value"),
- a reference to a hash is used, e.g.:
-
- %optctl = ();
- GetOptions (\%optctl, "define=s%");
-
- with command line "--define foo=hello --define bar=world" will perform the
- equivalent of the assignment
-
- $optctl{"define"} = {foo=>'hello', bar=>'world')
-
- If no linkage is explicitly specified and no ref HASH is passed,
- GetOptions will put the value in a global variable named after the
- option, prefixed by "opt_". To yield a usable Perl variable,
- characters that are not part of the syntax for variables are
- translated to underscores. For example, "--fpp-struct-return" will set
- the variable $opt_fpp_struct_return. Note that this variable resides
- in the namespace of the calling program, not necessarily B<main>.
- For example:
-
- GetOptions ("size=i", "sizes=i@");
-
- with command line "-size 10 -sizes 24 -sizes 48" will perform the
- equivalent of the assignments
-
- $opt_size = 10;
- @opt_sizes = (24, 48);
-
- A lone dash B<-> is considered an option, the corresponding Perl
- identifier is $opt_ .
-
- The linkage specifier can be a reference to a scalar, a reference to
- an array, a reference to a hash or a reference to a subroutine.
-
- Note that, if your code is running under the recommended C<use strict
- 'vars'> pragma, it may be helpful to declare these package variables
- via C<use vars> perhaps something like this:
-
- use vars qw/ $opt_size @opt_sizes $opt_bar /;
-
- If a REF SCALAR is supplied, the new value is stored in the referenced
- variable. If the option occurs more than once, the previous value is
- overwritten.
-
- If a REF ARRAY is supplied, the new value is appended (pushed) to the
- referenced array.
-
- If a REF HASH is supplied, the option value should look like "key" or
- "key=value" (if the "=value" is omitted then a value of 1 is implied).
- In this case, the element of the referenced hash with the key "key"
- is assigned "value".
-
- If a REF CODE is supplied, the referenced subroutine is called with
- two arguments: the option name and the option value.
- The option name is always the true name, not an abbreviation or alias.
-
- =head2 Aliases and abbreviations
-
- The option name may actually be a list of option names, separated by
- "|"s, e.g. "foo|bar|blech=s". In this example, "foo" is the true name
- of this option. If no linkage is specified, options "foo", "bar" and
- "blech" all will set $opt_foo. For convenience, the single character
- "?" is allowed as an alias, e.g. "help|?".
-
- Option names may be abbreviated to uniqueness, depending on
- configuration option B<auto_abbrev>.
-
- =head2 Non-option call-back routine
-
- A special option specifier, E<lt>E<gt>, can be used to designate a subroutine
- to handle non-option arguments. GetOptions will immediately call this
- subroutine for every non-option it encounters in the options list.
- This subroutine gets the name of the non-option passed.
- This feature requires configuration option B<permute>, see section
- CONFIGURATION OPTIONS.
-
- See also the examples.
-
- =head2 Option starters
-
- On the command line, options can start with B<-> (traditional), B<-->
- (POSIX) and B<+> (GNU, now being phased out). The latter is not
- allowed if the environment variable B<POSIXLY_CORRECT> has been
- defined.
-
- Options that start with "--" may have an argument appended, separated
- with an "=", e.g. "--foo=bar".
-
- =head2 Return values and Errors
-
- Configuration errors and errors in the option definitions are
- signalled using C<die()> and will terminate the calling
- program unless the call to C<Getopt::Long::GetOptions()> was embedded
- in C<eval { ... }> or C<die()> was trapped using C<$SIG{__DIE__}>.
-
- A return value of 1 (true) indicates success.
-
- A return status of 0 (false) indicates that the function detected one
- or more errors during option parsing. These errors are signalled using
- C<warn()> and can be trapped with C<$SIG{__WARN__}>.
-
- Errors that can't happen are signalled using C<Carp::croak()>.
-
- =head1 COMPATIBILITY
-
- Getopt::Long::GetOptions() is the successor of
- B<newgetopt.pl> that came with Perl 4. It is fully upward compatible.
- In fact, the Perl 5 version of newgetopt.pl is just a wrapper around
- the module.
-
- If an "@" sign is appended to the argument specifier, the option is
- treated as an array. Value(s) are not set, but pushed into array
- @opt_name. If explicit linkage is supplied, this must be a reference
- to an ARRAY.
-
- If an "%" sign is appended to the argument specifier, the option is
- treated as a hash. Value(s) of the form "name=value" are set by
- setting the element of the hash %opt_name with key "name" to "value"
- (if the "=value" portion is omitted it defaults to 1). If explicit
- linkage is supplied, this must be a reference to a HASH.
-
- If configuration option B<getopt_compat> is set (see section
- CONFIGURATION OPTIONS), options that start with "+" or "-" may also
- include their arguments, e.g. "+foo=bar". This is for compatiblity
- with older implementations of the GNU "getopt" routine.
-
- If the first argument to GetOptions is a string consisting of only
- non-alphanumeric characters, it is taken to specify the option starter
- characters. Everything starting with one of these characters from the
- starter will be considered an option. B<Using a starter argument is
- strongly deprecated.>
-
- For convenience, option specifiers may have a leading B<-> or B<-->,
- so it is possible to write:
-
- GetOptions qw(-foo=s --bar=i --ar=s);
-
- =head1 EXAMPLES
-
- If the option specifier is "one:i" (i.e. takes an optional integer
- argument), then the following situations are handled:
-
- -one -two -> $opt_one = '', -two is next option
- -one -2 -> $opt_one = -2
-
- Also, assume specifiers "foo=s" and "bar:s" :
-
- -bar -xxx -> $opt_bar = '', '-xxx' is next option
- -foo -bar -> $opt_foo = '-bar'
- -foo -- -> $opt_foo = '--'
-
- In GNU or POSIX format, option names and values can be combined:
-
- +foo=blech -> $opt_foo = 'blech'
- --bar= -> $opt_bar = ''
- --bar=-- -> $opt_bar = '--'
-
- Example of using variable references:
-
- $ret = GetOptions ('foo=s', \$foo, 'bar=i', 'ar=s', \@ar);
-
- With command line options "-foo blech -bar 24 -ar xx -ar yy"
- this will result in:
-
- $foo = 'blech'
- $opt_bar = 24
- @ar = ('xx','yy')
-
- Example of using the E<lt>E<gt> option specifier:
-
- @ARGV = qw(-foo 1 bar -foo 2 blech);
- GetOptions("foo=i", \$myfoo, "<>", \&mysub);
-
- Results:
-
- mysub("bar") will be called (with $myfoo being 1)
- mysub("blech") will be called (with $myfoo being 2)
-
- Compare this with:
-
- @ARGV = qw(-foo 1 bar -foo 2 blech);
- GetOptions("foo=i", \$myfoo);
-
- This will leave the non-options in @ARGV:
-
- $myfoo -> 2
- @ARGV -> qw(bar blech)
-
- =head1 CONFIGURATION OPTIONS
-
- B<GetOptions> can be configured by calling subroutine
- B<Getopt::Long::Configure>. This subroutine takes a list of quoted
- strings, each specifying a configuration option to be set, e.g.
- B<ignore_case>. Options can be reset by prefixing with B<no_>, e.g.
- B<no_ignore_case>. Case does not matter. Multiple calls to B<config>
- are possible.
-
- Previous versions of Getopt::Long used variables for the purpose of
- configuring. Although manipulating these variables still work, it
- is strongly encouraged to use the new B<config> routine. Besides, it
- is much easier.
-
- The following options are available:
-
- =over 12
-
- =item default
-
- This option causes all configuration options to be reset to their
- default values.
-
- =item auto_abbrev
-
- Allow option names to be abbreviated to uniqueness.
- Default is set unless environment variable
- POSIXLY_CORRECT has been set, in which case B<auto_abbrev> is reset.
-
- =item getopt_compat
-
- Allow '+' to start options.
- Default is set unless environment variable
- POSIXLY_CORRECT has been set, in which case B<getopt_compat> is reset.
-
- =item require_order
-
- Whether non-options are allowed to be mixed with
- options.
- Default is set unless environment variable
- POSIXLY_CORRECT has been set, in which case b<require_order> is reset.
-
- See also B<permute>, which is the opposite of B<require_order>.
-
- =item permute
-
- Whether non-options are allowed to be mixed with
- options.
- Default is set unless environment variable
- POSIXLY_CORRECT has been set, in which case B<permute> is reset.
- Note that B<permute> is the opposite of B<require_order>.
-
- If B<permute> is set, this means that
-
- -foo arg1 -bar arg2 arg3
-
- is equivalent to
-
- -foo -bar arg1 arg2 arg3
-
- If a non-option call-back routine is specified, @ARGV will always be
- empty upon succesful return of GetOptions since all options have been
- processed, except when B<--> is used:
-
- -foo arg1 -bar arg2 -- arg3
-
- will call the call-back routine for arg1 and arg2, and terminate
- leaving arg2 in @ARGV.
-
- If B<require_order> is set, options processing
- terminates when the first non-option is encountered.
-
- -foo arg1 -bar arg2 arg3
-
- is equivalent to
-
- -foo -- arg1 -bar arg2 arg3
-
- =item bundling (default: reset)
-
- Setting this variable to a non-zero value will allow single-character
- options to be bundled. To distinguish bundles from long option names,
- long options must be introduced with B<--> and single-character
- options (and bundles) with B<->. For example,
-
- ps -vax --vax
-
- would be equivalent to
-
- ps -v -a -x --vax
-
- provided "vax", "v", "a" and "x" have been defined to be valid
- options.
-
- Bundled options can also include a value in the bundle; for strings
- this value is the rest of the bundle, but integer and floating values
- may be combined in the bundle, e.g.
-
- scale -h24w80
-
- is equivalent to
-
- scale -h 24 -w 80
-
- Note: resetting B<bundling> also resets B<bundling_override>.
-
- =item bundling_override (default: reset)
-
- If B<bundling_override> is set, bundling is enabled as with
- B<bundling> but now long option names override option bundles. In the
- above example, B<-vax> would be interpreted as the option "vax", not
- the bundle "v", "a", "x".
-
- Note: resetting B<bundling_override> also resets B<bundling>.
-
- B<Note:> Using option bundling can easily lead to unexpected results,
- especially when mixing long options and bundles. Caveat emptor.
-
- =item ignore_case (default: set)
-
- If set, case is ignored when matching options.
-
- Note: resetting B<ignore_case> also resets B<ignore_case_always>.
-
- =item ignore_case_always (default: reset)
-
- When bundling is in effect, case is ignored on single-character
- options also.
-
- Note: resetting B<ignore_case_always> also resets B<ignore_case>.
-
- =item pass_through (default: reset)
-
- Unknown options are passed through in @ARGV instead of being flagged
- as errors. This makes it possible to write wrapper scripts that
- process only part of the user supplied options, and passes the
- remaining options to some other program.
-
- This can be very confusing, especially when B<permute> is also set.
-
- =item prefix
-
- The string that starts options. See also B<prefix_pattern>.
-
- =item prefix_pattern
-
- A Perl pattern that identifies the strings that introduce options.
- Default is C<(--|-|\+)> unless environment variable
- POSIXLY_CORRECT has been set, in which case it is C<(--|-)>.
-
- =item debug (default: reset)
-
- Enable copious debugging output.
-
- =back
-
- =head1 OTHER USEFUL VARIABLES
-
- =over 12
-
- =item $Getopt::Long::VERSION
-
- The version number of this Getopt::Long implementation in the format
- C<major>.C<minor>. This can be used to have Exporter check the
- version, e.g.
-
- use Getopt::Long 3.00;
-
- You can inspect $Getopt::Long::major_version and
- $Getopt::Long::minor_version for the individual components.
-
- =item $Getopt::Long::error
-
- Internal error flag. May be incremented from a call-back routine to
- cause options parsing to fail.
-
- =back
-
- =head1 AUTHOR
-
- Johan Vromans E<lt>jvromans@squirrel.nlE<gt>
-
- =head1 COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER
-
- This program is Copyright 1990,1998 by Johan Vromans.
- This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
- as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
- of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
-
- This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
- GNU General Public License for more details.
-
- If you do not have a copy of the GNU General Public License write to
- the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge,
- MA 02139, USA.
-
- =cut
-